DNA Technology Research Articles

The impact of monoclonal antibodies in preventing antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have transformed modern medicine through precision targeting and therapeutic efficacy. This summary summarises the development, applications, and comparative characteristics of mAbs in the context of antiviral medicines and antibiotic treatment durations. Monoclonal antibodies are designed to target specific antigens with great affinity and specificity, making them important for diagnostics and treatments. Anti-virulence mAbs, a type of mAb, target pathogen virulence factors rather than pathogens themselves, providing a promising technique for combating infectious diseases while limiting resistance development. When comparing the duration of antibiotic medication versus mAb treatment, mAbs frequently provide a shorter and more tailored therapeutic regimen. This can lead to better patient outcomes, less resistance, and a lower risk of side effects associated with long-term antibiotic usage. Antigen selection, hybridoma creation, antibody synthesis, purification, and characterization are all steps in the mAb development process, with advances like recombinant DNA technology improving efficiency and scalability.

Accelerated Engineering of ELP-Based Materials through Hybrid Biomimetic-De Novo Predictive Molecular Design.

Efforts to engineer high-performance protein-based materials inspired by nature have mostly focused on altering naturally occurring sequences to confer the desired functionalities, whereas de novo design lags significantly behind and calls for unconventional innovative approaches. Here, using partially disordered elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) as initial building blocks this work shows that de novo engineering of protein materials can be accelerated through hybrid biomimetic design, which this work achieves by integrating computational modeling, deep neural network, and recombinant DNA technology. This generalizable approach involves incorporating a series of de novo-designed sequences with α-helical conformation and genetically encoding them into biologically inspired intrinsically disordered repeating motifs. The new ELP variants maintain structural conformation and showed tunable supramolecular self-assembly out of thermal equilibrium with phase behavior in vitro. This work illustrates the effective translation of the predicted molecular designs in structural and functional materials. The proposed methodology can be applied to a broad range of partially disordered biomacromolecules and potentially pave the way toward the discovery of novel structural proteins.

Optimizing Bangkaew dog breed identification using DNA technology.

The Bangkaew dog is an indigenous dog breed in the Phitsanulok province of Thailand. This breed is recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), a global canine organization. The unique traits of the Bangkaew breed lead to purebred selection for breeding, while only their traits and pedigree from parental history are recorded. Determination of the risk of inbreeding depression and the origin of unknown DNA profiles is essential due to the challenges in predicting puppy characteristics, which are crucial for breed management and conservation. This study aimed to emphasize that current allelic frequency data for the Bangkaew dog breed must be considered for precise individual identification. Approximately 82 Bangkaew dogs from various Thai localities were studied using 15 microsatellite markers for genotypic monitoring and individual identification. Maternal genetic inheritance was assessed via mtDNA D-loop analysis. The results revealed high genetic diversity in the Bangkaew breed, indicating low potential for inbreeding. We also found that using a 15 loci microsatellite panel was effective for the identification of Bangkaew dogs. The optimized 10 loci microsatellite genotyping panel developed in this study presents improved identification testing efficiency, promoting both time- and cost-effectiveness. Analysis of microsatellite DNA markers in Bangkaew dogs using an optimized panel of 10 loci selected from 15 loci effectively facilitated individual identification. This approach not only enhances time and cost efficiency, but also provides accurate allelic frequency estimates, which are crucial for the realistic evaluation of DNA evidence.

Recovery of DNA from acetaminophen exploring physical state and sampling methods

Research into the recovery of DNA from illicit drug samples has shown it is possible to get forensically useful profiles from such substrates. However, it is not yet known if the different physical states that drugs can be found in influences the quantity and quality of DNA that can be recovered or what is the best sampling method to adopt for powdered samples. This research used acetaminophen in four different states – large crystalline, powder, in solution, or residue – to determine the efficacy of current DNA technology in recovery and analysis of the resulting sample. Five replicates of each were prepared. Human blood was deposited on or mixed with the drug and left for 1 hour. The surface of the drug was sampled by wet/dry swabbing (where appropriate), or the entire sample was deposited in a tube, and the DNA then extracted using DNA-IQ™. The amount of DNA recovered (ng), degradation index, number of PCR cycles (Ct) required for the IPC to reach threshold, number of alleles in the DNA profile and average peak height (APH) were assessed. All samples, irrespective of the physical state they were collected from, returned full DNA profiles that corresponded to the DNA profile of the blood donor, with no degradation or inhibition detected. It was also found the wet/dry swabbing method returned higher levels of DNA than inclusion of the entire sample into the tube for powdered acetaminophen and the appropriate method to use will be dependent on casework circumstances. The findings of this research further develops our understanding of the recovery of DNA from drugs, and supports the need for further investigation to understand under what conditions DNA can be recovered from illicit substances.

Psychoactive and other ceremonial plants from a 2,000-year-old Maya ritual deposit at Yaxnohcah, Mexico.

For millennia, healing and psychoactive plants have been part of the medicinal and ceremonial fabric of elaborate rituals and everyday religious practices throughout Mesoamerica. Despite the essential nature of these ritual practices to the societal framework of past cultures, a clear understanding of the ceremonial life of the ancient Maya remains stubbornly elusive. Here we record the discovery of a special ritual deposit, likely wrapped in a bundle, located beneath the end field of a Late Preclassic ballcourt in the Helena complex of the Maya city of Yaxnohcah. This discovery was made possible by the application of environmental DNA technology. Plants identified through this analytical process included Ipomoea corymbosa (xtabentun in Mayan), Capsicum sp. (chili pepper or ic in Mayan), Hampea trilobata (jool), and Oxandra lanceolata (chilcahuite). All four plants have recognized medicinal properties. Two of the plants, jool and chilcahuite, are involved in artifact manufacture that have ceremonial connections while chili peppers and xtabentun have been associated with divination rituals. Xtabentun (known to the Aztecs as ololiuhqui) produces highly efficacious hallucinogenic compounds and is reported here from Maya archaeological contexts for the first time.

Transmucosal Delivery of Peptides and Proteins Through Nanofibers: Current Status and Emerging Developments.

Advancements in recombinant DNA technology have made proteins and peptides available for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, but their effectiveness when taken orally leads to poor patient compliance, requiring clinical administration. Among the alternative routes, transmucosal delivery has the advantage of being noninvasive and bypassing hepato-gastrointestinal clearance. Various mucosal routes-buccal, nasal, pulmonary, rectal, and vaginal-have been explored for delivering these macromolecules. Nanofibers, due to their unique properties like high surface-area-to-volume ratio, mechanical strength, and improved encapsulation efficiency, serve as promising carriers for proteins and peptides. These nanofibers can be tailored for quick dissolution, controlled release, enhanced encapsulation, targeted delivery, and improved bioavailability, offering superior pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic performance compared to conventional methods. This leads to reduced dosages, fewer side effects, and enhanced patient compliance. Hence, nanofibers hold tremendous potential for protein/peptide delivery, especially through mucosal routes. This review focuses on the therapeutic application of proteins and peptides, challenges faced in their conventional delivery, techniques for fabricating different types of nanofibers and, various nanofiber-based dosage forms, and factors influencing nanofiber generation. Insights pertaining to the precise selection of materials used for fabricating nanofibers and regulatory aspects have been covered. Case studies wherein the use of specific protein/peptide-loaded nanofibers and delivered via oral/vaginal/nasal mucosa for diagnostic/therapeutic use and related preclinical and clinical studies conducted have been included in this review.

Passive eDNA sampling facilitates biodiversity monitoring and rare species detection

Environmental DNA (eDNA) technology has revolutionized biomonitoring, but challenges remain regarding water sample processing. The passive eDNA sampler (PEDS) represents a viable alternative to active, water filtration-based eDNA enrichment methods, but the effectiveness of PEDS for surveying biodiverse and complex natural water bodies is unknown. Here, we collected eDNA using filtration and glass fiber filter-based PEDS (submerged in water for 1 d) from 27 sites along the final reach of the Yangtze River and the coast of the Yellow Sea, followed by eDNA metabarcoding analysis of fish biodiversity and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for a critically endangered aquatic mammal, the Yangtze finless porpoise. We ultimately detected 98 fish species via eDNA metabarcoding. Both eDNA sampling methods captured comparable local species richness and revealed largely similar spatial variation in fish assemblages and community partitions between the river and sea sites. Notably, the Yangtze finless porpoise was detected only in the metabarcoding of eDNA collected by PEDS at five sites. Also, species-specific qPCR revealed that the PEDS captured porpoise eDNA at more sites (7 vs. 2), in greater quantities, and with a higher detection probability (0.803 vs. 0.407) than did filtration. Our results demonstrate the capacity of PEDS for surveying fish biodiversity, and support that continuous eDNA collection by PEDS can be more effective than instantaneous water sampling at capturing low abundance and ephemeral species in natural waters. Thus, the PEDS approach can facilitate more efficient and convenient eDNA-based biodiversity surveillance and rare species detection.

Experience in using biosimilars in IVF programs with donor oocytes in protocols with micronized progesterone

Relevance: Stimulation of oocyte donors' superovulation occupies a key place in the development of general assisted reproduction technology (ART). Oocyte donation programs involve young and healthy women undergoing severe ovarian stimulation protocols to obtain good-quality oocytes. Advances in recombinant DNA technology led to the development of recombinant follitropin alfa.The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the biosimilar folitropin alfa in the superovulation stimulation cycles of oocyte donors in comparison with the original medication in Progestin primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocols.Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study included 25 oocyte donors who underwent superovulation induction. The first group consisted of 25 oocyte donors in whom superovulation was stimulated with a bio-analogue of follitropin alfa. The second group (control) included the same 25 oocyte donors stimulated with the original rFSH medication. The donors of the leading group were stimulated with biosimilar recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone and human menopausal gonadotropin. For the control group, a protocol was used using the original drug rFSH and CHMG in the same doses. The obtained donor oocytes were fertilized with ICSI or frozen. The program's result was determined by taking a blood test for b-hCG 14 days after embryo transfer.Results: The number of mature oocytes in the study groups did not differ significantly, amounting to 20.6 ± 1.1 in group 1 and 21.2 ± 1.3 in group 2. The average number of fertilized oocytes in group 1 was 5.6 ± 0.8, and in group 2 – 6.1 ± 1.1; thus, the fertilization rate in the two groups did not differ (67,5% in group 1 vs 79,2% in group 2, р> 0,05). The blastulation rate (49.1% in group 1 and 52.2% in group 2) did not differ significantly in both the biosimilar group and the original medication. The Top Quality Blastocysts in Group 1 were 1.5 ± 0.7 (55%) vs 1.8 ± 0.5 (48%) in Group 2. At the same time, the level of NNB in both groups also had no statistically significant differences.Conclusion: Sinnal-F was not inferior to the original medication in terms of the proportion of mature oocytes in oocyte donors. The study's results confirm that Synnal-f demonstrates favorable and comparable efficacy to the original medication in oocyte maturation in IVF/ICSI cycles.

Investigating the effect of SUMO fusion on solubility and stability of amylase-catalytic domain from Pyrococcus abyssi

Alpha amylase belonging to starch hydrolyzing enzymes has significant contributions to different industrial processes. The enzyme production through recombinant DNA technology faces certain challenges related to their expression, solubility and purification, which can be overcome through fusion tags. This study explored the influence of SUMO, a protein tag reported to enhance the solubility and stability of target proteins when fused to the N-terminal of the catalytic domain of amylase from Pyrococcus abyssi (PaAD). The insoluble expression of PaAD in E. coli was overcome when the enzyme was expressed in a fusion state (S-PaAD) and culture was cultivated at 18 °C. Moreover, the activity of S-PaAD increased by 1.5-fold as compared to that of PaAD. The ligand binding and enzyme activity assays against different substrates demonstrated that it was more active against 1 % glycogen and amylopectin. The analysis of the hydrolysates through HPLC demonstrated that the enzyme activity is mainly amylolytic, producing longer oligosaccharides as the major end product. The secondary structure analyses by temperature ramping in CD spectroscopy and MD simulation demonstrated the enzymes in the free, as well as fusion state, were stable at 90 °C. The soluble production, thermostability and broad substrate specificity make this enzyme a promising choice for various foods, feed, textiles, detergents, pharmaceuticals, and many industrial applications.

Advances in postmortem fingerprinting: Applications in disaster victim identification.

Postmortem fingerprinting is the fastest and most reliable way to scientifically identify unknown decedents from mass fatality incidents. In disaster victim identification (DVI), fingerprints, DNA, and dental examinations are the three primary methods of identification. Additional secondary identifiers such as comparative medical radiography, scars, marks, and tattoos can also be used if viable antemortem information can be located. As DNA technology continues to evolve, RAPID DNA may now identify a profile within 90 min if the remains are not degraded or comingled. When there are true unknowns, however, there is usually no DNA, dental, or medical records to retrieve for a comparison without a tentative identity. It is imperative to understand how to properly collect postmortem prints following various postmortem changes, which databases are available to search against, and what additional resources are available prior to any such event occurring. With advances in technology, automated fingerprint searching is faster than ever before. Mobile devices can now search all the major databases within a matter of minutes from a cell phone or tablet utilizing a peripheral fingerprint scanner. Preliminary research into the application of WD-40® when utilizing optical-capacitive scanners has shown to greatly increase the efficacy of capturing usable fingerprints. This additional step allows for the digital capture of fingerprints in even complicated settings, both in daily cases and DVI incidents. This article outlines all the available ways to obtain postmortem fingerprints in complex cases, and how they can be applied to efficiently and effectively used in the DVI process.

Emerging Developments in DNA Technology and Their Potential Implications for the Criminal Justice System of Pakistan

DNA-based evidence has collected substantial trust in the Criminal Court system. DNA evidence possesses the utmost probative value among all reasonable and accurate claims in the realm of personal identity. An example of a standard step in a DNA investigation is comparing evidentiary samples, such as semen in the case of rape, with a known or reference sample, such as blood from the suspect. Utilizing forensic tools such as DNA profiling could significantly enhance the fairness of the justice system by ensuring equitable treatment for all individuals in court. Both scientific and legal communities have reached a consensus on the truth of this matter, as evidenced by their extensive literature that delves into its theoretical and practical dimensions. Frequently, courts have concurred with the DNA evidence. In recent years, Scientific and Expert Testimony has gained increased utility in complex and specialized domains. Undoubtedly, the assistance of a professional is vital when it comes to resolving a criminal case.

Evaluation of the Effects of Environmental Factors on Seasonal Variations in Fish Diversity on a Coastal Island in Western Japan

Coastal habitats are crucial for supporting ecological processes and serve as vital ecosystems for diverse fish species, providing essential functions such as feeding, nursery provision, and reproductive habitats. Fish communities are ecologically important components of coastal ecosystems and are affected by multiple environmental factors. Despite their importance, determining the effects of environmental factors on seasonal variations in fish species diversity and community dynamics remains a challenge. The advent of environmental DNA (eDNA) technology, an environmentally conscious approach, has resulted in considerable advancements in recent years and has been progressively adopted for marine fish population monitoring. Here, we used environmental DNA metabarcoding to study seasonal variations in fish community structure on a coastal island, and we assessed the effects of environmental factors in structuring these communities. Our findings revealed a rich diversity of 72 fish species across 40 families and 23 orders in the seawater surrounding an island of the Seto Inland Sea (SIS), Western Japan. Notably, the composition of fish communities varied significantly between seasons, with seawater temperature, salinity, and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentration identified as important factors correlated with fish communities’ structures. In conclusion, our study provides useful information of fish diversity, and we suggest that eDNA is a valuable technique for monitoring fish diversity in coastal areas. These findings are crucial for ecological studies and the environmental monitoring of oceanic coastal environments.

Forensic DNA Profiling: Legal and Ethical Considerations

Forensic DNA analysis is vital in criminal investigations, posing intricate legal and ethical dilemmas. This emphasises the need to balance DNA technology benefits with individual rights, prioritizing privacy, consent, and ethical practices. Stringent regulation of DNA data management is essential to prevent misuse and ensure privacy protection. Advances like probabilistic genotyping software improve interpretation accuracy, addressing complexities in mixture analysis. Responsible DNA use also requires navigating emerging technologies like next-generation sequencing while upholding ethical standards. Establishing transparency, accuracy, and ethical conduct throughout the analysis process is crucial for building public trust. Regulatory oversight and accountability mechanisms are necessary to address errors and maintain fairness in DNA data management. Through continuous dialogue and adherence to ethical standards, the forensic community can uphold scientific integrity and preserve public confidence in DNA analysis.

Unlocking the Power of Molecular Cloning: Revolutionizing Medical Microbiology Procedures

The revolutionary realm of molecular cloning, encompassing the creation of recombinant DNA molecules, has ignited a wave of progress within the life sciences. The advent of potent tools has facilitated the manipulation of DNA, resulting in an extraordinary surge in the versatility and breadth of applications in recombinant DNA technology. The once complex task of cloning genes has now been simplified, triggering a veritable explosion of insights into gene functionality. This has been achieved through the seamless fusion of multiple DNA fragments or the utilization of interchangeable gene cassettes, culminating in a state of unparalleled agility and expediency. In the 1970s, when restriction endonucleases, enzymes that cut DNA molecules selectively were discovered, molecular cloning technology has grown exponentially in application and intricacy, resulting in influential DNA manipulation tools. Recent decades have seen an explosion in our understanding of gene function due to the simplicity and efficiency of molecular cloning. It is expected that emerging technologies will offer superior potentials, such as stitching together multiple DNA fragments in under a few hours and transforming the resulting plasmids into bacteria, or the use of swappable genes, which can be easily moved between different paradigms, maximizing promptness and flexibility. It has been proved that cloning techniques provide a gold standard technique for polymicrobial infection, recombinant cytokines, antimicrobial peptides, epidemiology and gene therapy due to the limitations of culture-based methods. Due to molecular cloning technique, recombinant antigens are now being used to monitor patients against clinical infections. As a result of laboratory techniques that permit in vitro chemical synthesis of any DNA construct specified in silico, molecular cloning will likely undergo a paradigm shift in the coming future. As a result of these advances, DNA clones can be constructed faster and iteratively, which will speed up the growth of new vaccines, gene therapy vectors, and recombinant proteins. Here I present a detailed overview of the latest applications of molecular cloning techniques in medical microbiology.

Environmental DNA reveals the ecology and seasonal migration of a rare sturgeon species in the Ural River

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) technology is an essential tool for monitoring living organisms in ecological research. The combination of eDNA methods with traditional methods of ecological observation can significantly improve the study of the ecology of rare species. Here, we present the development and application of an eDNA approach to identify rare sturgeons in the lower reaches of the Ural River (Zhaiyk) (~1084 km). The presence of representatives of the genus Sturgeon was detected at all sites in spring (nine sites) and autumn (ten sites) while they were absent during the summer period, consistent with their semi‐anadromous ecology. Detection in spring and autumn indicates the passage of spring and winter forms to the lower and upper spawning grounds, respectively. This study confirms the difficulties of species‐specific identification of Eurasian sturgeon and provides the first documented eDNA detection of specimens of the genus Sturgeon in the Ural River. It also provides a biogeographic snapshot of their distribution, experimentally confirming their seasonal migrations in the lower reaches of the river. The successful detection of sturgeon motivates further eDNA surveys of this and other fish species for accurate species identification and population assessment, opening up prospects for the management of these threatened species.

Advancing fish diversity monitor in degraded marine ecosystem with environmental DNA approach: Unveiling hidden riches

Comprehending fish diversity through multiple dimensions is a crucial aspect in advancing our understanding of fish populations and promoting sustainable fisheries as well as diversity conservation. Traditional research on fish diversity has been limited to non-genetic methods. The advent of environmental DNA (eDNA) technology enables simultaneous examination of both non-genetic and genetic aspects of fish diversity. In this study, we evaluated the ability of eDNA to capture multidimensional fish diversity in the northern South China Sea, with emphasis on phylogenetic diversity. The effect of environmental change and geographical location on multidimensional fish diversity across different seasons was also investigated. The analysis of species accumulation curves revealed that the observed species richness approached an asymptote, achieving 94.7% and 89.5% of the predicted values during the summer and winter, respectively. Alpha diversity of taxonomic (species, 225 vs. species, 102), functional (FRic, 0.51 vs. FRic, 0.19), and phylogenetic (PD, 26.27 vs. PD, 15.81) dimensions were found to be higher in summer compared to winter, with environmental factors significantly influencing these diversities across seasons. Regarding the three dimensions of beta diversity, replacement made a greater relative contribution to total taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic beta diversity than richness difference. These effects were primarily influenced by water environment factors (e.g., NO2−, SiO32−, surface temperature) during the summer and geographical factors (e.g., longitude and latitude) during the winter. This study provides evidence supporting the feasibility of utilizing eDNA techniques to uncover fish diversity in multiple dimensions, with a specific emphasis on its intrinsic genetic characteristics, which hold substantial value for the protection of diversity and the scientific administration of fishery resources.

Streamside detection of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) environmental DNA with CRISPR technology

AbstractThere is a rapidly growing interest by resource managers to utilize environmental DNA technology (eDNA) as a tool to enhance current management efforts. However, the technology remains relatively specialized, since it requires specific expertise and equipment to perform. To begin to overcome some of the obstacles restricting the widespread, routine adoption of eDNA technology, we evaluated the use of CRISPR Cas12a detection technology for in‐the‐field eDNA detection using Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) as a target species. By targeting a highly variable region in the salmonid mitochondrial DNA D‐loop, we were able to demonstrate that CRISPR Cas12a detection technology is both sensitive and specific for Chinook salmon eDNA. Engineering of the technology to work in the field was accomplished by employing rapid eDNA purification and visual readout of results using visual lateral flow or fluorescent detection methods. The technology was piloted on the fall Chinook salmon run in the Snake River of Washington State, USA, and proved to be a viable approach for streamside eDNA monitoring. With the improvement of the technology, CRISPR eDNA detection methods hold great promise in expanding the reach of eDNA as a commonly used resource management tool.

Emerging use of air eDNA and its application to forensic investigations - A review.

Biological material is routinely collected at crime scenes and from exhibits and is a key type of evidence during criminal investigations. Improvements in DNA technologies allow collection and profiling of trace samples, comprised of few cells, significantly expanding the types of exhibits targeted for DNA analysis to include touched surfaces. However, success rates from trace and touch DNA samples tend to be poorer compared to other biological materials such as blood. Simultaneously, there have been recent advances in the utility of environmental DNA collection (eDNA) in identification and tracking of different biological organisms and species from bacteria to naked mole rats in different environments, including, soil, ice, snow, air and aquatic. This paper examines the emerging methods and research into eDNA collection, with a special emphasis on the potential forensic applications of human DNA collection from air including challenges and further studies required to progress implementation.

Development of an integrated and project-based laboratory course in upper-level biochemistry and molecular biology.

An integrated and projected-based laboratory course was described, integrating interconnected knowledge points and biochemistry and molecular biology techniques on a research project-based system. The program, which served as an essential extension of theoretical courses to practice, was conducted with a sophomore of basic medical science who had completed the course in medical biochemistry and molecular biology. This course engaged students in learning "genetic manipulation" and "recombinant DNA technology" to understand the target gene's role in disease mechanics, thus altering evaluation and treatment for clinical disease. Students could master applied and advanced techniques, such as cell culture, transfection, inducing exogenous fusion protein expression, purifying protein and its concentration assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western bot analysis. This laboratory exercise links laboratory practices with the methods of current basic research. Students need to complete the experimental design report and laboratory report, which could be advantageous for improving their ability to write lab summaries and scientific papers in the future. The reliability and validity analyses were conducted on the questionnaire, and we examined students' satisfaction with the course and their gains from the course. The student feedback was generally positive, indicating that the exercise helped consolidate theoretical knowledge, increase scientific research enthusiasm, and provide a powerful tool to be a better person and make informed decisions.

Phenotypic variants of occupational bronchial asthma (immune profile, cytokines, diagnosis and prognosis)

Currently, occupational bronchial asthma is considered as a phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous disease. The assessment of immunological characteristics opens up new opportunities in assessing the disease development, predicting the characteristics of the course, and establishing a personalized approach to pharmacotherapy of occupational asthma, as well as in developing an individual strategy for its prevention. The purpose of the study is to determine immunological markers of the risk of developing occupational bronchial asthma under conditions of exposure to sensitizing substances for various phenotypes of this disease. Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients with various phenotypes of occupational asthma and 50 participants in the control group. The levels of immunoglobulins A, M, and G in serum were determined by the Mancini technique (radial immunodiffusion). The determination of the levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP- 1, and IFN-γ, total IgE, C-reactive protein, and fibronectin in blood serum was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using kits and reagents (OOO Proteinovy Kontur, Vektor-Best, Diateks-E, DIA-plus, Pharmacia diagnostika). To study the content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in blood serum, we used a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a set of reagents from eBioscience. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using primers and probes developed with the PrimerQuest program (Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc.). Results. For the first time, the study has established the features of immunological manifestations in allergic and non-allergic phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma, as well as the phenotypes of the combination of occupational asthma with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and metabolic syndrome. The features of the formation, pathogenesis, and prognosis of various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma have been identified. This allows recommending the determination of these immunological parameters during in-depth periodic medical examinations of workers exposed to sensitizing and irritating substances for differential diagnosis of various occupational asthma phenotypes in a specialized inpatient examination. Limitations of the study. The study has regional (Samara Region) and professional (in terms of detailing working conditions in the studied comparison groups) limitations. Conclusion. The identified immunological features in various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma and the established profiles of occupational asthma genotypes can optimize the approach to early diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and pharmacotherapy of this disease, as well as expand the list of immunological research indicators used during preliminary and periodic medical examinations, in-depth examination of patients with occupational asthma in occupational disease clinics and occupational pathology centers, and the use of new reliable criteria for predicting the course of the disease.